awk \u7528\u6cd5\u5c0f\u7ed3 – – – by ruson 2006.4 NTU<\/p>\n
1\uff0e awk \u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u4e8e\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u7684\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\uff08\u884c\u3001\u5217\u6570\u636e\uff09\u590d\u6742\u5904\u7406\u3002\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e sed \u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u8fdb
\n\u884c\u590d\u6742\u7684\u7f16\u7a0b\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ea7\u751f\u590d\u6742\u7684\u62a5\u8868\u8f93\u51fa\u3002
\n2\uff0e awk \u901a\u5e38\u6709\u4e09\u4e2a\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u65e7 awk\u3001nawk\uff08\u65b0\uff09 \u3001gawk\u3002Solaris \u4e0b\u5efa\u8bae\u7528 nawk\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u65e7 awk
\n\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u529f\u80fd\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6570\u5b66\u8fd0\u7b97\u5e42 ^\u00a0 \uff0c\u51fd\u6570getline\uff0csystem\u7b49\u3002
\n3\uff0e \u57fa\u672c\u8bed\u6cd5\uff1aawk \u2018pattern{action}\u2019 filename\u00a0\u00a0 \u5176\u4e2d action \u5185\u5bb9\u53ef\u6269\u5145\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u591a\u4e2a action\u3002
\n\u6267\u884c\u987a\u5e8f\uff1aawk \u4e00\u884c\u884c\u8bfb\u5165\u8f93\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u987a\u5e8f\u6267\u884c\u2018\u2019\u5185\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u6309\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u6765\u91c7\u53d6\u52a8\u4f5c\u3002
\n\u5176\u4ed6\u8c03\u7528\uff1aawk \u53ef\u7528\u5185\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\u548c\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0e\u5faa\u73af\u8bed\u53e5\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6570\u5b66\u8fd0\u7b97\u548c\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u64cd
\n\u4f5c\u3002 \u6b64\u5916\uff0c \u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 BEGIN\u548c END\u6765\u6267\u884c\u5904\u7406\u524d\u9884\u64cd\u4f5c\u548c\u5904\u7406\u540e\u540e\u7ee7\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002
\nA.\u00a0 \u5e38\u7528\u5185\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\uff1aNR\uff08\u5f53\u524d\u884c\u6570\uff09NF\uff08\u5b57\u6bb5\u603b\u6570\uff09$0\uff08\u5f53\u524d\u6574\u884c\uff09$1\uff08\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bb0\u5f55\uff09
\nFS\uff08\u5b57\u6bb5\u5206\u9694\u7b26\uff09OFS\uff08\u8f93\u51fa\u5b57\u6bb5\u5206\u9694\u7b26\uff09ORS\uff08\u8f93\u51fa\u8bb0\u5f55\u5206\u9694\u7b26\uff09
\nB\uff0e\u6a21\u5f0f\u00a0 pattern\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\/ \/\u5305\u542b\u7684\u5339\u914d\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u6761\u4ef6\u8bed\u53e5\u5982$3<10
\nC\uff0eBEGIN\uff08\u5904\u7406\u6587\u4ef6\u524d\u7684 action\uff0c\u5e38\u5305\u542b FS\u3001OFS \u7b49\uff09 \u3001END\uff08\u5904\u7406\u6587\u4ef6\u540e\u7684 action\uff09
\nD\uff0e\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0e\u5faa\u73af\uff1aif else\uff08next\uff0cexit\uff09 \uff0cfor do while \uff08continue\uff0cbreak\uff09
\nE\uff0e\u6570\u5b66\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u00a0 + – * \/ % ^\uff1b\u6570\u5b66\u51fd\u6570 sin int\uff1b\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u51fd\u6570 length index gsub substr\u7b49
\nF\uff0e\u6570\u7ec4\u4e0e\u5173\u8054\u6570\u7ec4\uff1aa[1]; a[$1]; a[$0]; a[b[i]]
\nF\uff0e\u8f93\u51fa\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u548c\u7ba1\u9053\uff1a>\u00a0 >>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 |\u00a0 \uff1bawk \u5185\u90e8\u547d\u4ee4\uff1agetline\u3001system\u7b49
\n4\uff0eawk \u7684\u4e09\u79cd\u8c03\u7528\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a\u00a0 X awk \u2018pattern{action}\u2019 filename1\uff0cfilename2
\nY awk \u2013f myscript.awk filename1\uff0cfilename2
\nZ #!\/bin\/nawk \u2013f \u2026 \u2026\u00a0 \u6267\u884c\uff1amyscript.awk filename
\n\u7279\u522b\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879\uff1a<\/p>\n
———————————————————————————————————————-
\nA\uff0e\u4ece window\u62f7\u8d1d\u8bed\u6cd5\u53e5\u5230 Unix \u4e2d\uff0c\u884c\u7ed3\u5c3e\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u4e0d\u8bc6\u522b\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u8bed\u6cd5\u9519\u8bef
\nB\uff0e\u5199 script \u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0cBEGIN\u6216 END\u540e\u5fc5\u987b\u7d27\u8ddf{
\nC\uff0e\u6240\u6709 action\u8bed\u53e5\u5fc5\u987b\u653e\u5728{ }\u4e2d\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u63d0\u793a\u8bed\u6cd5\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u4e0d\u53ef\u76f4\u63a5\u5199 print
\nD\uff0e\u5355\u72ec\u7684\u8d4b\u503c\u6216 pattern\u6761\u4ef6\u53e5\u6ca1\u6709{ }\u5219\u9ed8\u8ba4 print $0\uff1b\u4f8b\u5982{ }\u5916\u9762\u7684 i\uff1d1
\nE\uff0eif\u6761\u4ef6\u5757\u5fc5\u987b\u653e\u5728 action \u4e2d\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5fc5\u987b\u8981\u6709{ }\u6765\u5305\u542b
\nF\uff0e\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u5224\u65ad\u201c\u76f8\u7b49\u201d\u987b\u7528= =\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f=\uff08\u8d4b\u503c\uff09 \uff1b\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cif($1= =100)
\nG\uff0e\u8f93\u51fa\u591a\u5217\u987b\u7528\u201c\uff0c \u201d \uff08\u9017\u53f7\uff09\u9694\u5f00\uff1bfor \u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\u95f4\u9694\u7b26\u4e3a\u201c\uff1b \u201d\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u201c\uff0c \u201d
\n\u5b9e\u4f8b\u6f14\u7ec3\uff1a \uff08filename \u4e3a\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5217\u7528\u201c-\u201d\u9694\u5f00\u800c\u975e\u7a7a\u683c\uff0c\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u4e0e FS\u51b2\u7a81\uff09
\nID\u00a0\u00a0 Name\u00a0\u00a0 Age\u00a0\u00a0 City\u00a0 Country\u00a0 Tel\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Salary\u00a0 Children
\n1001 Steven\u00a0\u00a0 25\u00a0\u00a0 NY\u00a0\u00a0 U.S.A\u00a0 +01-02-323222\u00a0\u00a0 $4900\u00a0\u00a0 2
\n1002 Huang-Yu\u00a0 30\u00a0\u00a0 BJ\u00a0\u00a0 CHN\u00a0 +86-10-36789966\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \uffe56000\u00a0\u00a0 1
\n1003 Fish-Mad\u00a0\u00a0 27\u00a0\u00a0 SG\u00a0\u00a0 SG\u00a0\u00a0 +65-67456632\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 $3000\u00a0\u00a0 3
\n1004 Vale-Kiss\u00a0\u00a0 46\u00a0\u00a0 LD\u00a0\u00a0 ENG\u00a0 +44-20-87634321\u00a0\u00a0 $6280\u00a0\u00a0 3
\n———————————————————————————————————————-
\n\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5206\u57fa\u7840\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff1a1\uff0e\u65e0 pattern\u00a0 \u7684 action \u5b9e\u4f8b\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 2\uff0e\u6709 pattern\u7684 action \u5b9e\u4f8b
\n3\uff0eBEGIN,END,FS,OFS \u5b9e\u4f8b\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 4\uff0eif else; for while \u5faa\u73af\u5b9e\u4f8b
\n5\uff0e\u6570\u5b66\u8fd0\u7b97\u4e0e\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u64cd\u4f5c\u5b9e\u4f8b
\n\u9ad8\u7ea7\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff1a6\uff0e\u6570\u7ec4\u4e0e\u5173\u8054\u6570\u7ec4\u8fd0\u7528\u5b9e\u4f8b\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 7\uff0e\u591a\u6587\u4ef6\u8fd0\u7528 NR FNR\u5b9e\u4f8b
\n8\uff0e\u8f93\u51fa\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u548c getline\u5b9e\u4f8b
\n1<\/p>\n
\u57fa\u00a0\u00a0 \u7840\u00a0\u00a0 \u7bc7<\/p>\n
1\uff0e\u65e0 pattern \u7684 action \u5b9e\u4f8b
\na\uff0eawk \u2018{print NR $1 $NF}\u2019 data.txt\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u6253\u5370\u884c\u53f7\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u5217\u548c\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u5217\uff0c\u4e2d\u95f4\u65e0\u5206\u9694\u7b26
\nb\uff0eawk \u2018{print $1,$NF}\u2019 data.txt\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u6253\u5370\u7b2c\u4e00\u5217\u548c\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u5217\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4e2d\u95f4\u6709\u5206\u9694\u7b26
\nc\uff0eawk \u2018{print $0,$NF+10}\u2019 data.txt\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u6253\u5370\u6574\u884c\uff0c\u5e76\u6253\u5370 \u6700\u540e\u4e00\u884c\u52a0\u4e0a 10 \u7684\u7ed3\u679c
\n2\uff0e\u6709 pattern \u7684 action \u5b9e\u4f8b
\na\uff0eawk \u2018\/[0-9]\/\u2019 data.txt\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u6253\u5370\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e2d\u4efb\u610f\u5217\u5305\u542b\u6570\u5b57 0\uff0d9 \u7684\u884c
\nb\uff0eawk \u2018\/01\/||\/02\/\u2019 data.txt\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u6253\u5370\u5305\u542b 01 \u6216\u8005 02 \u7684\u884c
\nc\uff0eawk \u2018\/01\/,\/02\/\u2019 data.txt\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u6253\u5370\u65e2\u5305\u542b01\u53c8\u5305\u542b02\u7684\u884c\uff1b\u7b49\u540cawk \u2018\/01\/&&\/02\u2019
\nd\uff0eawk \u2018$1= =1001{print $2}\u2019 data.txt\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u6253\u5370\u7b26\u5408\u7b2c\u4e00\u5217\u7b49\u4e8e 1001 \u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5217
\ne\uff0eawk \u2018$2= =\u201dSteven\u201d{print}\u2019data.txt\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u6253\u5370\u7b26\u5408\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5217\u7b49\u4e8e Steven \u7684\u90a3\u4e9b\u884c
\nf\uff0eawk \u2018$3>20&&$3<30\u2019 data.txt\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u6253\u5370\u7b2c\u4e09\u5217\u5728 20 \u523030 \u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u90a3\u4e9b\u884c
\ng\uff0enawk \u2018$3*$NF<100\u2019 data.txt\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u6253\u5370\u7b2c\u4e09\u5217\u548c\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u5217\u4e58\u79ef\u5c0f\u4e8e 100 \u7684\u90a3\u4e9b\u884c
\nh\uff0eawk \u2018$6~\/01\/{print $2}\u2019 data.txt\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u6253\u5370\u7b26\u5408\u4ec5\u4ec5\u7b2c\u516d\u5217\u91cc\u5305\u542b 01\u90a3\u4e9b\u884c\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5217
\ni\uff0eawk \u2018NR>3{print $1,$2}\u2019 data.txt\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u4ece\u7b2c\u56db\u884c\u624d\u5f00\u59cb\u6253\u5370\u7b2c\u4e00\u5217\u548c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5217
\n3\uff0e\u6709 BEGIN\u3001END \u5e76\u5305\u542b FS\u3001OFS \u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b
\na\uff0eawk \u2013F\u201d+\u201d \u2018{print $1}\u2019 data.txt\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u6309+\u4e3a\u5206\u9694\u7b26\u6765\u5206\u9694\u5217\uff0c\u5e76\u6253\u5370\u7b2c\u4e00\u5217
\nb\uff0enawk \u2013F\u2019[+\/t$]\u2019 \u2018{print $6,$7,$8,$9}\u2019data.txt\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u6309+\u6216\/t \u6216$\u90fd\u53ef\u4f5c\u5206\u9694\u7b26\uff0c\u5e76\u6253\u5370\u6307\u5b9a\u5217
\nc\uff0enawk \u2018BEGIN{FS=\u201d[\/t+$]\u201d}{print $6,$8,$9}\u2019data.txt
\n\u6309+,\/t,$\uff08\u987a\u5e8f\u65e0\u6240\u8c13\uff09\u4e3a\u5206\u5272\u7b26,\u5e76\u6253\u5370\u6307\u5b9a\u5217
\nd\uff0enawk \u2018BEGIN{FS=\u201d[\/t+$]\u201d;OFS=\u201d%\u201d}{print $6,$7,$8,$9}\u2019 data.txt
\n\u6309+,\/t,$\u4e3a\u5206\u5272\u7b26\uff0c \u7528%\u4f5c\u8f93\u51fa\u5206\u9694\u7b26\u6253\u5370\u6307\u5b9a\u5217
\ne\uff0enawk \u2013F\u2018[ [ ] ]\u2019 \u2018{print $1}\u2019 data.txt\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u6309 [ \u6216 ]\u00a0 \u4e3a\u5206\u9694\u7b26\uff0c\u5e76\u6253\u5370\u7b2c\u4e00\u5217
\nf\uff0enawk \u2013F\u2018[ ][ ]\u2019 \u2018{print $1}\u2019 data.txt\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u540c\u4e0a\uff0c\u6309[\u00a0 \u6216 ] \u4e3a\u5206\u9694\u7b26\uff0c\u5e76\u6253\u5370\u7b2c\u4e00\u5217
\n\u5173\u4e8e-F \u548c BEGIN \u5185\u7684 FS \u5b9a\u4e49\u7279\u522b\u6ce8\u610f\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n
A\uff0e-F \u53c2\u6570\u540e\u7d27\u8ddf\u5355\u4e2a\u5206\u9694\u7b26\uff0c\u5219\u7528\u53cc\u5f15\u53f7\u201c\u201d \uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 \u2013F\u201d+\u201d
\nB\uff0e-F \u53c2\u6570\u540e\u7d27\u8ddf\u591a\u4e2a\u5206\u9694\u7b26\uff0c\u5219\u7528\u5355\u5f15\u53f7\u2018 \u2019\u5e76\u7528[ ]\uff0c\u4e2d\u95f4\u987a\u5e8f\u65e0\u6240\u8c13\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982-F\u2019[+$]\u2019
\nC\uff0eBEGIN \u4e2d\u7684 FS\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u5355\u4e2a\u8fd8\u662f\u591a\u4e2a\u5206\u9694\uff0c\u5747\u7528\u53cc\u5f15\u53f7\u201c\u201d \uff0c\u591a\u4e2a\u5219\u9700\u52a0[ ]
\n\u4f8b\u5982\uff1anawk \u2018BEGIN{FS=\u201d[\/t+$]\u201d}{print $6,$8,$9}\u2019data.txt
\nD\uff0eBEGIN \u4e2d\u82e5\u540c\u65f6\u6709 FS\u548c OFS\uff0c\u5219\u5efa\u8bae\u4e2d\u95f4\u7528\u5206\u53f7\u201c\uff1b \u201d\u6765\u5206\u9694\u5f00\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u63d0\u793a\u51fa\u9519
\n\u4f8b\u5982\uff1anawk \u2018BEGIN{FS=\u201d[\/t+$]\u201d;OFS=\u201d%\u201d}{print $6,$7,$8,$9}\u2019 data.txt
\nE\uff0e\u534a\u65b9\u62ec\u53f7[ ]\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5206\u9694\u7b26\uff0c\u987a\u5e8f\u65e0\u6240\u8c13\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a-F\u2018[[]]\u2019\u00a0 \u6216 \u2013F\u2018[][]\u2019
\nF\uff0e\u5728\u7528\u591a\u4e2a\u5206\u9694\u7b26\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4e3a\u907f\u514d\u8bed\u6cd5\u9519\u8bef\u6216\u60f3\u5f97\u5230\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u6700\u597d\u7528 nawk
\n4\uff0e\u6761\u4ef6 if else \u548c for while \u5faa\u73af\u5b9e\u4f8b
\na\uff0enawk \u2018{print($3>25 ? $2\u201c Old\u201d : $2\u201c Young\u201d)}\u2019 data.txt
\n\u82e5\u7b2c\u4e09\u5217\u5927\u4e8e 25 \u5c31\u6253\u5370\u67d0\u67d0 Old\uff1b\u5426\u5219\u6253\u5370\u67d0\u67d0 Young
\nb\uff0eawk \u2018{if($1>1002)print $2; else print $3}\u2019 data.txt
\n\u82e5\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5217\u5927\u4e8e 1002 \u5c31\u6253\u5370\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5217\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u6253\u5370\u7b2c\u4e09\u5217
\nc\uff0eawk \u2018NR>1{if($3<30)print$2;else if($3<40) print$2\u201dm\u201d;else exit;}END{print 10}\u2019data.txt
\n\u4ece\u7b2c\u4e8c\u884c\u5f00\u59cb\u5224\u65ad\u7b2c\u4e09\u5217\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5c0f\u4e8e 30 \u5c31\u6253\u5370$2\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5927\u4e8e 30 \u800c\u53c8\u5c0f\u4e8e
\n240\uff0c\u6253\u5370$2\u5e76\u540e\u8ddf m\uff0c\u82e5\u662f\u90fd\u4e0d\u7b26\u5408\u5c31\u9000\u51fa\u5904\u7406\u884c\uff0c\u4f46\u662f END\u540e\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u4ecd\u6267\u884c
\nd\uff0eawk \u2018BEGIN{ORS=\u201d\u201d}{for(i=1;i<NF-2;i++) print $i\u201d\/t\u201d}{print \u201c\/n\u201d}\u2019 data.txt
\n\u6253\u5370\u51fa\u6bcf\u884c\u7684\u524d\u9762\u51e0\u5217\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u51e0\u5217\u4e0d\u6253\u5370\u3002\u7279\u522b\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0cprint \u6bcf\u6267
\n\u884c\u4e00\u6b21\u65f6\uff0c\u53e6\u8d77\u4e00\u884c\u6253\u5370\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u4e3a\u907f\u514d\u6bcf\u6253\u5370\u4e00\u5217\u5c31\u91cd\u65b0\u4e00\u884c\uff0c\u8bbe\u7f6e ORS\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c
\n\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u6bcf\u6253\u5370\u5b8c\u7b26\u5408\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5217\u540e\uff0c \u9700\u8981\u624b\u5de5\u6362\u884c \uff08\u5faa\u73af\u5916\u7684 print \u8d77\u6b64\u4f5c\u7528\uff09 \u3002
\ne\uff0eawk \u2018BEGIN{ORS=\u201d\u201d}{i=1; while(i<NF-2){print $i\u201d\/t\u201d; i++}}{print \u201c\/n\u201d}\u2019 data.txt
\n\u529f\u80fd\u540c\u4e0a\uff0c\u6253\u5370\u51fa\u6bcf\u884c\u7684\u524d\u9762\u51e0\u5217\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u51e0\u5217\u4e0d\u6253\u5370\u3002
\n5\uff0e\u6570\u5b66\u8fd0\u7b97\u548c\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u64cd\u4f5c\u5b9e\u4f8b
\na\uff0enawk \u2018{print 2^5+sin(2.1)+int(0.9)}\u2019 data.txt\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u5728\u6bcf\u4e00\u884c\u90fd\u6253\u5370\u8fd0\u7b97\u503c\uff0832.8632\uff09
\nb\uff0eawk \u2018END{print length(\u201cHow are you?\u201d)}\u2019 data.txt\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u6253\u5370\u51fa\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\uff0812\uff09
\nc\uff0eawk \u2018END{print index(\u201cHow are you?\u201d,\u201dyou\u201d)}\u2019 data.txt\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u8fd4\u56de you\u5728\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e2d\u7684\u5f00\u59cb\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff089\uff09
\nd\uff0enawk \u2018{gsub(\/ \/$\/,\u201d\u201d);print $0}\u2019 data.txt\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u628a\u6bcf\u884c\u7684$\u7b26\u53f7\u7528\u7a7a\u66ff\u6389\uff0c\u5e76\u6253\u5370\u884c
\ne\uff0eawk \u2018END{print substr(\u201cHow are you?\u201d,9,3)}\u2019 data.txt
\n\u4ece\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u7b2c\u4e5d\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5f00\u59cb\u622a\u51fa\u540e\u9762 3 \u4e2a\u957f\u5ea6\u7684\u5b50\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32
\nf\uff0enawk \u2018{print toupper($2), tolower($2)}\u2019 data.txt
\n\u5206\u522b\u6253\u5370\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5217\u5927\u5199\u548c\u5c0f\u5199
\ng\uff0enawk \u2018END{print match(\u201cHow are you you?\u201d,\/you\/),RSTART,RLENGTH}\u2019 data.txt
\n\u6253\u5370 you \u5728\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e2d\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5339\u914d\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4ee5\u53ca\u957f\u5ea6\uff089\uff0c9\uff0c3\uff09
\nh\uff0enawk \u2018END{str=\u201dHow are you doing?\u201d;sub(\/o\/,\u201d0\u201d,str);print str}\u2019 data.txt
\n\u5c06\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u53d8\u91cf\u6307\u5b9a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e2d\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b26\u5408\u542b\u6709 o \u7684\u7528 0 \u66ff\u6362\u8c03
\n\u7279\u522b\u6ce8\u610f\uff1asub \u51fd\u6570\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u4e0d\u53ef\u76f4\u63a5\u7528\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u800c\u5fc5\u987b\u7528
\n\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u53d8\u91cf\u3002
\ni\uff0eawk \u2018END{print split(\u201cJan,Feb,Mar,Apr,May\u201d,mymonths,\u201d,\u201d),mymonths[2]}\u2019 data.txt
\n\u5c06\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7528\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u5206\u9694\u7b26\u53f7\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u9694\uff0c\u628a\u5206\u9694\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u653e
\n\u5728\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\uff0c\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u5206\u9694\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u76ee\u3002\u7ed3\u679c\uff1a
\n\uff085\uff0cFeb\uff09<\/p>\n
\u9ad8\u00a0\u00a0 \u7ea7\u00a0\u00a0 \u7bc7<\/p>\n
6\uff0e\u6570\u7ec4\u4e0e\u5173\u8054\u6570\u7ec4\uff08a[1]\uff0ca[$1] a[$0]\uff0ca[b[i]]\uff09
\na\uff0eawk \u2018{for(i=1;i<NF;i++) {a[i]=$i; print a[i]}}\u2019 data.txt\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u628a\u6587\u4ef6\u6bcf\u4e00\u5217\u6309\u884c\u6253\u5370
\nb\uff0eawk \u2018{a[$1]=$2}END{for(x in a) print a[x]}\u2019 data.txt
\n\u6570\u7ec4 a \u5173\u8054\u5230\u7b2c\u4e00\u5217\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5217\u503c\u8d4b\u7ed9 a\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u6253\u5370 a \u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5185\u5bb9\u3002
\n\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u4f46\u4e0d\u662f\u987a\u5e8f\u6253\u5370\u3002for\u4e2d\u7684 x\u662f\u968f\u610f\u53d8\u91cf\uff0cawk \u81ea\u52a8\u786e\u5b9a\u3002
\nc\uff0eawk \u2018{b[i]=$1;a[$1]=$2;i++}END{for(j=1;j<i;j++) print b[j],a[b[j]]}\u2019 data.txt
\n\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ece\u7b2c\u4e8c\u884c\u5f00\u59cb\u6253\u5370\u6bcf\u4e00\u884c\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u5217\u548c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5217\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002
\n\u6ce8\u610f\uff1ai \u4ece0 \u5f00\u59cb\u53d6\u503c\uff0c\u800c j \u4ece1 \u5f00\u59cb\u3002a \u4e3a\u5173\u8054\u6570\u7ec4\uff0cb \u4e3a\u987a\u5e8f\u6570\u7ec4\u3002
\n7\uff0e\u591a\u8f93\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u548c NR\u3001FNR \u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b
\na\uff0e awk \u2018BEGIN{OFS=FS=\u201d:\u201d} NR==FNR{a[$1]=$2} NR>FNR{$2=a[$1];print}\u2019
\n\/etc\/shadow\u00a0 \/etc\/passwd<\/p>\n
\u8be5\u8bed\u53e5\u4e2d\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u5230\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f93\u5165\u6587\u4ef6 shadow\uff0c \u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u5230\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u8f93\u5165
\n\u6587\u4ef6 passwd\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528\u5173\u8054\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e0d\u540c\u6587\u4ef6\u5173\u8054\u5217\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u5217\u503c\u76f8\u4e92\u66ff\u6362\u3002
\n3
\nA\uff0eawk \u5bf9\u591a\u8f93\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6267\u884c\u987a\u5e8f\u662f\uff0c\u5148\u5c06\u4ee3\u7801\u4f5c\u7528\u4e8e\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff08\u4e00\u884c\u884c\u8bfb\u5165\uff09 \uff0c\u7136
\n\u540e\u8be5\u91cd\u590d\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u53c8\u4f5c\u7528\u4e8e\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u518d\u4f5c\u7528\u4e8e\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u3002
\nB\uff0eawk \u5bf9\u591a\u8f93\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6267\u884c\u987a\u5e8f\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u884c\u5e8f\u53f7\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5f53\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u6267\u884c\u5b8c\uff0c\u4e0b\u6b21\u8bfb
\n\u5165\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c\u600e\u4e48\u7b97\u5462\uff1f\u5982\u679c\u53c8\u8ba1\u4e3a 1 \u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u90a3\u4e0d\u5c31\u4e24
\n\u4e2a 1 \u4e86\u4e48\uff1f\uff08\u56e0\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u4e5f\u6709\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c\uff09 \u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f NR \u548c FNR \u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002
\nNR \uff1a\u5168\u5c40\u884c\u6570\uff08\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c\u63a5\u7740\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5c3e\u884c\u6570\u987a\u5e8f\u8ba1\u6570\uff09
\nFNR\uff1a\u5f53\u524d\u6587\u4ef6\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u884c\u6570\uff08\u4e0d\u8003\u8651\u524d\u51e0\u4e2a\u8f93\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u81ea\u8eab\u884c\u6570\u53ca\u603b\u6570\uff09
\n\u4f8b\u5982\uff1adata1.txt \u4e2d\u670940 \u884c\uff0cdata2.txt \u4e2d\u6709 50 \u884c\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48 awk \u2018{}\u2019 data1.txt data2.txt
\nNR\u00a0\u00a0 \u7684\u503c\u4f9d\u6b21\u4e3a\uff1a1\uff0c2\u2026\u202640\uff0c41\uff0c42\u2026\u202690
\nFNR \u7684\u503c\u4f9d\u6b21\u4e3a\uff1a1\uff0c2\u2026\u202640\uff0c 1\uff0c 2\u2026\u202650
\n8\uff0e\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u8f93\u51fa\u548c\u7279\u522b\u51fd\u6570 getline \u5b9e\u4f8b
\na\uff0eawk \u2018{print FILENAME,$0}\u2019 data1.txt data2.txt >data_all.txt
\n\u628a\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5408\u5e76\u5230 data_all.txt \u4e2d,\u65b0\u6587\u4ef6\u7b2c\u4e00\u5217\u4e3a\u539f\u59cb\u6587\u4ef6\u540d,\u540e
\n\u9762\u5217\u4e3a\u539f\u59cb\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u3002
\nb\uff0eawk \u2018$1!=fd{close(fd);fd=$1} {print substr($0,index($0,\u201c \u201d)+1)>$1}\u2019 data_all.txt
\n\u628a\u5408\u5e76\u540e\u7684\u65b0\u6587\u4ef6 data.txt \u91cd\u65b0\u62c6\u5f00\u6210\u539f\u6765\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b50\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f9d\u7167\u65b0\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u5217
\n\u6765\u4ea7\u751f\u65b0\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u3002\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u6574\u5b50\u6587\u4ef6\u540e\uff0c\u5173\u95ed\u4e4b\uff1b\u518d\u751f\u6210\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b50\u6587\u4ef6\u3002
\nA\uff0egetline \u4ece\u6574\u4f53\u4e0a\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5e94\u8fd9\u4e48\u7406\u89e3\u5b83\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\uff1a
\n\u5f53\u5176\u5de6\u53f3\u65e0\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u7b26 |\u00a0 \u6216 <\u00a0 \u65f6\uff0cgetline \u4f5c\u7528\u4e8e\u5f53\u524d\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u8bfb\u5165\u5f53\u524d\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c\u7ed9
\n\u5176\u540e\u8ddf\u7684\u53d8\u91cf var\u00a0 \u6216$0\uff08\u65e0\u53d8\u91cf\uff09 \uff1b\u5e94\u8be5\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e awk \u5728\u5904\u7406 getline
\n\u4e4b\u524d\u5df2\u7ecf\u8bfb\u5165\u4e86\u4e00\u884c\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5 getline\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\u9694\u884c\u7684\u3002
\n\u5f53\u5176\u5de6\u53f3\u6709\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u7b26 |\u00a0 \u6216 <\u00a0 \u65f6\uff0cgetline \u5219\u4f5c\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9a\u5411\u8f93\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u521a\u6253
\n\u5f00\uff0c\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab awk \u8bfb\u5165\u4e00\u884c\uff0c\u53ea\u662f getline \u8bfb\u5165\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48 getline\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u662f\u8be5\u6587
\n\u4ef6\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u9694\u884c\u3002
\nB\uff0egetline \u7528\u6cd5\u5927\u81f4\u53ef\u5206\u4e3a\u4e09\u5927\u7c7b\uff08\u6bcf\u5927\u7c7b\u53c8\u5206\u4e24\u5c0f\u7c7b\uff09 \uff0c\u5373\u603b\u5171\u6709 6 \u79cd\u7528\u6cd5\u3002\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a
\nnawk \u2018BEGIN{\u201ccat data.txt\u201d|getline d; print d}\u2019 data2.txt
\nnawk \u2018BEGIN{\u201ccat data.txt\u201d|getline; print $0}\u2019 data2.txt
\nnawk \u2018BEGIN{getline d < \u201cdata.txt\u201d; print d}\u2019 data2.txt
\nnawk \u2018BEGIN{getline < \u201cdata.txt\u201d; print $0}\u2019 data2.txt
\n\u4ee5\u4e0a\u56db\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u5747\u5b9e\u73b0\u201c\u53ea\u6253\u5370 data.txt\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c\u201d \uff08\u82e5\u6253\u5370\u5168\u90e8\u884c\uff0c\u7528\u5faa\u73af\uff09
\neg. nawk \u2018BEGIN{FS=\u201d:\u201d;while(getline<\u201d\/etc\/passwd\u201d>0){print $1}}\u2019 data.txt
\nnawk \u2018{getline d; print d\u201d#\u201d$3}\u2019 data.txt
\nawk\u9996\u5148\u8bfb\u5165\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c\uff0c\u63a5\u7740\u5904\u7406getline\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u628a\u4e0b\u4e00\u884c\u6307\u5b9a\u7ed9\u53d8\u91cfd\uff0c\u518d\u5148\u6253\u5370
\nd\uff0c\u7531\u4e8ed\u540e\u9762\u6709\u6362\u884c\u7b26\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u540e\u9762\u7d27\u8ddf\u7684\uff03\u4f1a\u8986\u76d6d\uff0c\u540e\u9762\u7684$3\u540c\u6837\u4e5f\u4f1a\u8986\u76d6d\u3002
\nnawk \u2018{getline; print $0\u201d#\u201d$3}\u2019 data.txt
\nawk \u9996\u5148\u8bfb\u5165\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c\u63a5\u7740\u5904\u7406 getline \u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u628a\u4e0b\u4e00\u884c\u6307\u5b9a\u7ed9$0\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u7684$0 \u5df2\u7ecf
\n\u662f\u4e0b\u4e00\u884c\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u540e\u9762\u7684#\u548c$3\uff08\u4ece$0\u4e2d\u53d6\uff09\u4f1a\u8986\u76d6$0\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002
\nc\uff0enawk \u2018BEGIN{system(\u201cecho \/\u201dinput your name:\/\u201d \u201d);getline var; print \u201c\/nYour name\u00a0 is\u201d,d,\u201d\/n\u201d}\u2019
\n\u7cfb\u7edf\u63d0\u793a\u8f93\u5165\u540d\u5b57\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5c06\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u6253\u5370\u51fa\u6765\u3002\u7279\u522b\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u8be5 awk \u8bed\u53e5\u540e\u6ca1
\n\u6709\u8f93\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5229\u7528\u952e\u76d8\u8f93\u5165\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u3002
\n4<\/p>\n
\u7ecf\u00a0 \u5178\u00a0 \u5b9e\u00a0 \u4f8b<\/p>\n
1\uff0e\u95ee\u9898\u63cf\u8ff0
\n\u6709\u5982\u4e0b\u94f6\u884c\u5e10\u5355\u90e8\u5206\u6587\u672c\uff0c
\n200000000000007|shi yan city qi pei bu
\n202111320000018|hospital
\n200000000000007|shiyan city renmen road qi bei bu
\n201602520002941|middle school
\n200000000000007|mingfeng road qi pei
\n201602120000113|zhuanghuang factory
\n201602320000115|liangyou factory
\n\u8981\u6c42\uff1a\u5c06\u7b2c\u4e00\u5217\u4e2d\u91cd\u590d\u7684\u5408\u5e76\u4e3a\u4e00\u884c\uff0c\u5176\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5217\u586b\u5165\u6700\u957f\u5730\u5740\u7684\u90a3\u5217
\n\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u5e94\u4e3a\uff1a
\n200000000000007|shiyan city renmen road qi bei bu
\n202111320000018|hospital
\n201602520002941|middle school
\n201602120000113|zhuanghuang factory
\n201602320000115|liangyou factory
\n\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a \uff08\u5047\u8bbe\u4e0b\u9762\u4ee3\u7801\u5728\u6587\u4ef6 myawk..sh \u4e2d\uff09<\/p>\n
#!\/usr\/bin\/nawk -f<\/p>\n
BEGIN{FS=OFS=”|”; i=1;}
\n{\u00a0 if(a[$1]==0){b[i]=$1;a[$1]=$2;i++}
\nif(length(a[$1])<length($2)){a[$1]=$2}
\n}
\nEND{for(j=1;j<i;j++) print b[j],a[b[j]]
\n}
\n\u6267\u884c\uff1amyawk.sh data.txt<\/p>\n
\u6bd4\u8f83\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a \uff08\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e0d\u5168\uff09<\/p>\n
awk ‘BEGIN{FS=OFS=”|”} !(length(a[$1])>length($2)){a[$1]=$2}
\nEND{for(i in a)print i,a[i]}’\u00a0\u00a0 data.txt<\/p>\n
\u89e3\u91ca\uff1a\u6b64\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u7528\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\uff0ca \u7528\u6765\u4e0e$1 \u5173\u8054\uff0cb \u7528\u6765\u987a\u5e8f\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5728\u6700\u540e\u6253\u5370\u65f6
\n\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u6309\u7167$1 \u987a\u5e8f\u6253\u5370\u3002\u6761\u4ef6\u53e5\u9996\u5148\u5224\u65ad\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u662f\u5426\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u5199\u5165\uff0c\u82e5\u975e\uff0c\u5219
\n\u6bd4\u8f83\u5f53\u524d$2\u503c\u548c\u4ee5\u524d\u50a8\u5b58\u7684\u503c\u957f\u5ea6\u3002
\n\u529f\u80fd\u4e0d\u5168\u4ee3\u7801\u4e0d\u80fd\u987a\u5e8f\u6253\u5370\u3002\u5f53$1 \u6709\u91cd\u590d\uff0c\u800c$2 \u957f\u5ea6\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u3001\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u3001\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b21\u662f
\n\u4ee5\u9012\u51cf\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u65f6\uff0c\u8be5\u4ee3\u7801\u5e94\u7528\u5f97\u8f83\u597d\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5f53$2 \u5404\u6b21\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u65f6\uff0c\u4ee3
\n\u7801\u4e0d\u80fd\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e0a\u8ff0\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u672c\u4f8b\u4e2d\u7b2c 5 \u884c\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5217\u82e5\u6bd4\u7b2c 3 \u884c\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5217\u957f\u5ea6\u957f
\n\u65f6\uff0c\u529f\u80fd\u4e0d\u5168\u4ee3\u7801\u5c31\u4e0d\u80fd\u5b9e\u73b0\u8981\u6c42\u3002
\n5
\n2\uff0e\u95ee\u9898\u63cf\u8ff0\uff1a
\n\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n
data1 \u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a
\n1\u00a0\u00a0 0.5\u00a0\u00a0 100
\n10\u00a0\u00a0 15\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 36.5
\ndata2 \u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a
\n50\u00a0\u00a0 10\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 19
\n3.2\u00a0\u00a0 1\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 5
\n\u8981\u6c42\uff1a\u5f97\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5185\u5bb9\u662f data1 \u548c data2 \u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5217\u6570\u5b57\u76f8\u52a0\u7684\u548c\uff0c\u65b0\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a
\n51\u00a0 10.5\u00a0\u00a0 119
\n13.2\u00a0 16\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 41.5
\n\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a \uff08\u5047\u8bbe\u4e0b\u9762\u4ee3\u7801\u5728\u6587\u4ef6 myawk..sh \u4e2d\uff09<\/p>\n
#!\/usr\/bin\/nawk -f<\/p>\n
{\u00a0 for(i=1;i<=NF;i++) a[i]=$i;
\ngetline < \u201cdata2.txt\u201d
\nfor(j=1;j<NF;j++) printf $j+a[j] \u201c\/t\u201d
\nprintf $NF+a[NF]\u201c\/n\u201d
\n}
\n\u6267\u884c\uff1amyawk.sh data1.txt
\n\u89e3\u91ca\uff1a\u00a0\u00a0 \u4e0a\u8ff0\u4ee3\u7801\u7528\u5230\u4e86getline\u540c\u65f6\u8bfb\u5165\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u884c\u5185\u5bb9\u5e76\u5b58\u5165\u5230$0\u4e2d\uff0c \u6700\u540e\u7528printf
\n\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u76f8\u52a0\u540e\u7684\u6253\u5370\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\u540e\u9762\u540c\u65f6\u7d27\u8ddf\u6253\u5370\u4e86\/t \u548c\/n\uff0c\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u5217\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5206\u9694\u548c
\n\u884c\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5206\u9694\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528 print\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u4f46\u662f print \u6bcf\u6267\u884c\u5b8c\u4e00\u6b21\u90fd\u8981\u6362\u884c\uff0c
\n\uff08\u5f53\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528 OFS \u6765\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5904\u7406\uff09 \u3002
\n\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u79cd\u529e\u6cd5\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u7528 NR\u3001FNR \u6bd4\u8f83\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5206\u522b\u5c06\u4e24\u4e2a
\n\u6587\u4ef6\u8d4b\u503c\u7ed9\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u76f8\u52a0\u3002\u5f53\u7136\u4ee3\u7801\u5c31\u6ca1\u6709\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4ee3\u7801\u7b80\u7ec3\u3002<\/p>\n
3\uff0e\u95ee\u9898\u63cf\u8ff0
\n\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u5982\u4e0b\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a<\/p>\n
data2.txt\u00a0 \u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a
\n01 1111\u00a0 AAA\u00a0 WW001\u00a0 $$$$\u00a0 1000.00
\n02 2222\u00a0 BBB\u00a0 GG001\u00a0 %%%%\u00a0 2000.00
\n03 3333\u00a0 CCC\u00a0 JJ001\u00a0 ****\u00a0 3000.00
\n04 4444\u00a0 DDD\u00a0 FF002\u00a0 &&&&\u00a0 4000.00
\n05 5555\u00a0 EEE\u00a0 RR002\u00a0 @@@@\u00a0 5000.00
\n06 666\u00a0\u00a0 FFF\u00a0 UU003\u00a0 JJJJ\u00a0 6000.00
\n07 777\u00a0\u00a0 III\u00a0 II005\u00a0 PPPP\u00a0 7000.00
\n08 8888\u00a0 TTT\u00a0 TT008\u00a0 TTTT\u00a0 8000.00
\ndata1.txt\u00a0 \u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a
\nAAA\u00a0 001\u00a0 1000.00
\nBBB\u00a0 001\u00a0 2000.00
\nDDD\u00a0 002\u00a0 4000.00
\nEEE\u00a0 002\u00a0 5000.00
\nFFF\u00a0 003\u00a0 6000.00
\ndata1 \u7684\u7b2c 1\u5217\u3001\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u5217\u548c data2 \u7684\u7b2c 3 \u5217\u3001\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u5217\u662f\u76f8\u540c\u7684\uff0c
\ndata1 \u7684\u7b2c 2\u5217\u548c data2 \u7684\u7b2c 4 \u5217\u7684\u540e3 \u4f4d\u662f\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u3002
\n\u8981\u6c42\uff1adata2\u4e2d\u7b2c\u4e09\u5217\u3001\u7b2c\u56db\u5217\u540e 3\u4f4d\u3001\u7b2c\u516d\u5217\u5b8c\u5168\u548c data1\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u53d6\u51fa\u6765\u5f97\u5230\u65b0\u6587\u4ef6\u5982
\n\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a
\n6
\n01 1111\u00a0 AAA\u00a0 WW001\u00a0 $$$$\u00a0 1000.00
\n02 2222\u00a0 BBB\u00a0 GG001\u00a0 %%%%\u00a0 2000.00
\n04 4444\u00a0 DDD\u00a0 FF002\u00a0 &&&&\u00a0 4000.00
\n05 5555\u00a0 EEE\u00a0 RR002\u00a0 @@@@\u00a0 5000.00
\n06 666\u00a0\u00a0 FFF\u00a0 UU003\u00a0 JJJJ\u00a0 6000.00
\n\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n
nawk ‘NR<=FNR {a[$1]=$1″x”$2″x”$3}
\nNR>FNR\u00a0 { b=substr($4,3);
\nc=$3″x”b”x”$6;
\nif(c==a[$3]) print}’ data1.txt\u00a0\u00a0 data2.txt
\n\u6267\u884c\uff1a\u76f4\u63a5\u6267\u884c\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4ee3\u7801
\n\u89e3\u91ca\uff1a\u672c\u4f8b\u5de7\u5999\u5730\u5229\u7528\u4e86\u7ec4\u5408\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff08\u7528 x \u6765\u7ec4\u5408\uff09 \uff0c\u7136\u540e\u7528\u6765\u6bd4\u8f83\u3002
\n\u5f53 NR<=FNR \u65f6\uff0c\u5904\u7406\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5f53 NR>FNR \u65f6\uff0c\u5904\u7406\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
awk \u7528\u6cd5\u5c0f\u7ed3 – – – by ruson 2006.4 NTU 1\uff0e awk \u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u4e8e\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u7684\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\uff08\u884c\u3001\u5217\u6570\u636e\uff09\u590d\u6742\u5904\u7406\u3002\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e sed \u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u8fdb \u884c\u590d\u6742\u7684\u7f16\u7a0b\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ea7\u751f\u590d\u6742\u7684\u62a5\u8868\u8f93\u51fa\u3002 2\uff0e awk \u901a\u5e38\u6709\u4e09\u4e2a\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u65e7 awk\u3001nawk\uff08\u65b0\uff09 \u3001gawk\u3002Solaris \u4e0b\u5efa\u8bae\u7528 nawk\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u65e7 awk \u6709\u5f88\u591a\u529f\u80fd\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6570\u5b66\u8fd0\u7b97\u5e42 ^\u00a0 \uff0c\u51fd\u6570getline\uff0csystem\u7b49\u3002 3\uff0e \u57fa\u672c\u8bed\u6cd5\uff1aawk \u2018pattern{action}\u2019 filename\u00a0\u00a0 \u5176\u4e2d action \u5185\u5bb9\u53ef\u6269\u5145\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u591a\u4e2a action\u3002 \u6267\u884c\u987a\u5e8f\uff1aawk \u4e00\u884c\u884c\u8bfb\u5165\u8f93\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u987a\u5e8f\u6267\u884c\u2018\u2019\u5185\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u6309\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u6765\u91c7\u53d6\u52a8\u4f5c\u3002 \u5176\u4ed6\u8c03\u7528\uff1aawk \u53ef\u7528\u5185\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\u548c\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0e\u5faa\u73af\u8bed\u53e5\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6570\u5b66\u8fd0\u7b97\u548c\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u64cd \u4f5c\u3002 \u6b64\u5916\uff0c \u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 BEGIN\u548c END\u6765\u6267\u884c\u5904\u7406\u524d\u9884\u64cd\u4f5c\u548c\u5904\u7406\u540e\u540e\u7ee7\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002 A.\u00a0 \u5e38\u7528\u5185\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\uff1aNR\uff08\u5f53\u524d\u884c\u6570\uff09NF\uff08\u5b57\u6bb5\u603b\u6570\uff09$0\uff08\u5f53\u524d\u6574\u884c\uff09$1\uff08\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bb0\u5f55\uff09 FS\uff08\u5b57\u6bb5\u5206\u9694\u7b26\uff09OFS\uff08\u8f93\u51fa\u5b57\u6bb5\u5206\u9694\u7b26\uff09ORS\uff08\u8f93\u51fa\u8bb0\u5f55\u5206\u9694\u7b26\uff09 B\uff0e\u6a21\u5f0f\u00a0 pattern\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\/ \/\u5305\u542b\u7684\u5339\u914d\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u6761\u4ef6\u8bed\u53e5\u5982$3<10 C\uff0eBEGIN\uff08\u5904\u7406\u6587\u4ef6\u524d\u7684 action\uff0c\u5e38\u5305\u542b FS\u3001OFS \u7b49\uff09 \u3001END\uff08\u5904\u7406\u6587\u4ef6\u540e\u7684 action\uff09 … Continue reading awk\u7528\u6cd5\u603b\u7ed3<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1191","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-linux"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.strongd.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1191","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.strongd.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.strongd.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.strongd.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.strongd.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1191"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.strongd.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1191\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1192,"href":"https:\/\/www.strongd.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1191\/revisions\/1192"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.strongd.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1191"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.strongd.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1191"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.strongd.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1191"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}